Soul increasingly reduced to observable mental or bodily processes. Locke: denies innate ideas—soul as tabula rasa, a passive receiver. Start of the NATURE / NURTURE debate. Hume: rejects a persistent self; mind is a bundle of perceptions. La Mettrie: human soul is an effect of bodily mechanisms (*L'homme machine*). Diderot and French materialists view soul as an illusion of matter in motion. Mind-body dualism increasingly replaced by monist materialism.
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