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The first modern myth of artificial life — creation without divine sanction.
Victor Frankenstein as Promethean scientist: knowledge becomes transgression.
The Creature — intelligent, emotional, rejected.
From Enlightenment optimism to Romantic horror: science stripped of empathy.
Anticipates modern bioethics and AI dilemmas — the maker fears his own creation.
Hoffmann’s automaton, Shelley’s monster and Freud’s "uncanny" form one lineage: the SELF estranged by what it builds.