Mirror neurons are specialized brain cells that activate both when an individual performs an action and when they observe someone else performing the same action. These neurons were first discovered in primates and are thought to play a key role in understanding the actions and intentions of others, as well as in processes like imitation, learning, and empathy. In humans, mirror neurons are believed to be involved in social cognition, allowing us to simulate and internalize the experiences of others, thus facilitating learning through observation and emotional connection.