The first modern myth of artificial life — creation without divine sanction.

Victor Frankenstein as Promethean scientist: knowledge becomes transgression.

The Creature — intelligent, emotional, rejected.

From Enlightenment optimism to Romantic horror: science stripped of empathy.

Anticipates modern bioethics and AI dilemmas — the maker fears his own creation.

Hoffmann’s automaton, Shelley’s monster and Freud’s "uncanny" form one lineage: the SELF estranged by what it builds.

A creation myth rewritten by a woman.

Victor’s experiment replaces the womb — science as patriarchal fantasy of self-generation.

Creation becomes male and mechanical.

Every woman in the novel is erased: dead, voiceless, or destroyed before she can speak.

The unmade female creature embodies the fear of autonomous womanhood.

Shelley exposes the violence behind masculine creativity — life produced by denial of the feminine.