1920 play that introduced the word “robot” [from slavic robota ("forced labor") derived from PIE root *orbh- "to change allegiance, to pass from one status to another" (Latin orbus "bereft," Sanskrit arbhah "weak, child," Armenian orb "orphan," Old High German arabeit "work,"  Old English earfoð "hardship, suffering, trouble")]

Robots are bio-engineered workers, grown in vats— not metal machines.

Robots are treated as disposable labor, mirroring capitalist exploitation.

A global robot uprising emerges from suffering, injustice, and denied personhood.

Two robots capable of love become a new Adam and Eve—Čapek’s post-human rebirth.