Bhagavadgita

The Bhagavad Gita (cca. 500 BC) is a philosophical dialogue between the warrior Arjuna and his mythical charioteer Krishna, set on a battlefield symbolizing the inner struggle of human life. It presents a deep psychological model of the self, describing layers of mind—manas (sense-mind), buddhi (intellect), ahamkara (ego), and the true self, atman.

Its Core psychological teaching: freedom arises when one acts without attachment, transcending ego-identification and aligning with the deeper, unchanging Self.

soul is eternal

Sanskrit (Bhagavad Gita 2.20):

na jāyate mriyate vā kadācin

nāyaṁ bhūtvā bhavitā vā na bhūyaḥ

ajo nityaḥ śāśvato ’yaṁ purāṇo

na hanyate hanyamāne śarīre

Translation:

“For the soul there is neither birth nor death at any time. It has not come into being, does not come into being, and will not come into being. It is unborn, eternal, ever-existing and primeval. It is not slain when the body is slain

soul changes bodies like garments

Sanskrit (Bhagavad Gita 2.22):

vāsāṁsi jīrṇāni yathā vihāya

navāni gṛhṇāti naro ’parāṇi

tathā śarīrāṇi vihāya jīrṇāni

anyāni saṁyāti navāni dehī

Translation:

“As a person puts on new garments, giving up old ones, the soul similarly accepts new material bodies, giving up the old and useless ones.”

soul cannot be destroyed

Sanskrit (Bhagavad Gita 2.23):

nainaṁ chindanti śastrāṇi

nainaṁ dahati pāvakaḥ

na cainaṁ kledayanty āpo

na śoṣayati mārutaḥ

Translation:

“Weapons cannot cut it, fire cannot burn it, water cannot wet it, and the wind cannot dry it.”