Social Learning Theory

Albert Bandura’s Social Learning Theory (1977) revolutionized psychology by emphasizing that learning occurs in a social context through observation, imitation, and modeling. He argued that individuals do not solely learn through direct reinforcement (as behaviorism suggests) but also by observing others, processing information cognitively, and making choices based on expected outcomes.
30.01.2025

Reciprocal Determinism

Behavior, cognition, and the environment interact in a dynamic way. Example: A student’s shyness (personal factor) affects classroom participation (behavior), which in tu...
30.01.2025

Vicarious Reinforcement

Vicarious means experiencing something indirectly, through someone else, rather than firsthand. It comes from the Latin vicarius, meaning "substitute" or "acting in place of ano...
30.01.2025

Four Key Processes of Social Learning

Attention: The learner must focus on the model’s behavior. Retention: The behavior must be stored in memory for later retrieval. Reproduction: The learner must have the ...
30.01.2025

Observational Learning

Learning happens by watching others and imitating their behavior, even without direct reinforcement. Example: A child learns aggression by observing an aggressive adult (c.f. "...